貿(mào)易融資解釋及為何是貿(mào)易融資專區(qū)？企業(yè)做出口貿(mào)易必學(xué)課程,路過(guò)的大神可以看看，長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)知識(shí)

Trade finance is related to international trade.
While a seller (the exporter) can require the purchaser (an importer) to prepay for goods shipped, the purchaser (importer) may wish to reduce risk by requiring the seller to document the goods that have been shipped. Banks may assist by providing various forms of support. For example, the importer's bank may provide a letter of credit to the exporter (or the exporter's bank) providing for payment upon presentation of certain documents, such as a bill of lading. The exporter's bank may make a loan (by advancing funds) to the exporter on the basis of the export contract.
Other forms of trade finance can include Documentary collection, trade credit insurance, export factoring, forfaiting and others. In many countries, trade finance is often supported by quasi-government entities known as export credit agencies that work with commercial banks and other financial institutions.
Trade finance refers to financing international trading transactions. In this financing arrangement, the bank or other institution of the importer provides for paying for goods imported on behalf of the importer.

貿(mào)易融資(trade financing)，是銀行的業(yè)務(wù)之一。是指銀行對(duì)進(jìn)口商或出口商提供的與進(jìn)出口貿(mào)易結(jié)算相關(guān)的短期融資或信用便利。境外貿(mào)易融資業(yè)務(wù)，是指在辦理進(jìn)口開(kāi)證業(yè)務(wù)時(shí)，利用國(guó)外代理行提供的融資額度和融資條件，延長(zhǎng)信用證項(xiàng)下付款期限的融資方式。
  貿(mào)易融資，是指在商品交易中，銀行運(yùn)用結(jié)構(gòu)性短期融資工具，基于商品交易(如原油、金屬、谷物等)中的存貨、預(yù)付款、應(yīng)收賬款等資產(chǎn)的融資。貿(mào)易融資中的借款人，除了商品銷售收入可作為還款來(lái)源外，沒(méi)有其他生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)活動(dòng)，在資產(chǎn)負(fù)債表上沒(méi)有實(shí)質(zhì)的資產(chǎn)，沒(méi)有獨(dú)立的還款能力。貿(mào)易融資保理商提供無(wú)追索權(quán)的貿(mào)易融資，手續(xù)方便，簡(jiǎn)單易行，基本上解決了出口商信用銷售和在途占用的短期資金問(wèn)題。
  入世以來(lái)，中國(guó)對(duì)外貿(mào)易的數(shù)量及范圍迅速擴(kuò)大，對(duì)外貿(mào)易的主體將向多層次擴(kuò)展，國(guó)際貿(mào)易結(jié)算工具將呈現(xiàn)出多樣化且新業(yè)務(wù)不斷推出，與之相應(yīng)的國(guó)際貿(mào)易融資方式亦將呈現(xiàn)出前所未有的多樣化、復(fù)雜性和專業(yè)化，其潛在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也在不斷的增長(zhǎng)和變化。對(duì)于中國(guó)國(guó)有商業(yè)銀行來(lái)說(shuō)，如何把握機(jī)遇，擴(kuò)大國(guó)際貿(mào)易融資、攬收國(guó)際結(jié)算業(yè)務(wù)，最大限度地獲取融資效益和中間業(yè)務(wù)，同時(shí)，又要有效地防范和控制融資風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，也是值得關(guān)注的問(wèn)題。

表現(xiàn)方式：

  是指信用證的受益人在貨物裝運(yùn)后，將全套貨運(yùn)單據(jù)質(zhì)押給所在地銀行，該行扣除利息及有關(guān)費(fèi)用后，將貨款預(yù)先支付給受益人，而后向開(kāi)證行索償以收回貨款的一種貿(mào)易融資業(yè)務(wù)。

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